另一种移动:朝鲜族女性婚姻移民及其娘家的家庭战略

Another Migration:Marriage Immigrant of Korean Ethnic Group and the Maternal Family Strategy

20世纪90年代至21世纪初,延边地区朝鲜族女性大量外嫁韩国。时至今日,外嫁热潮虽然早已冷却,但是影响依然存在。通过对延边在住婚姻移民的娘家成员等的访谈,从婚姻移民的送出方,即家族的角度来探讨延边朝鲜族国际婚姻移动过程中的家庭战略,调查显示朝鲜族婚姻移民家庭战略的直接目标是在城市购买新房以及通过教育达到阶层上升,也引发了娘家男性和老年人的跨境劳务移动、跨境扩大家族的形成等间接效应。同时,朝鲜族婚姻移民家庭在遇到期待落空等问题时,通过婚姻移动经济劣势方的逆向补偿及跨国打工持久化等来调适。朝鲜族女性婚姻移民的家庭战略主体既是个人又是家族,家族扮演了父权制家长的角色,但家族的利害关系和个人的利害关系在某种程度上又是一致的。

A large number of females of Korean ethnic group from Yanbian have actively involved in marriage immigrant to South Korea since 1990s to the early 21st century. The interview survey of the members of the maternal families in Yanbian shows that a family strategy has been implenmented in the marriage, to be capable to live in urban areas and receive better education so as to change the original social strata. All this results border labour service and cross-border family extension. When the family paternal compensation and long-term labour service will happen accordingly. and the individual （the female married） are the subjects of strategy, and expectation Both the the whole crossfails, 1am fam ly ly ays the role of the father. In fact, the family and the individual share an identity of interests to a certain extent.