从中国古代文论的学科初创反思其现代转换

Guo Shaoyu's academic experience and modern transformation of Chinese ancient literary theory

中国古代的"诗文评"只有目录学的意义,并不是现代意义上的学科门类。中国文学批评史的产生得益于西方科学思想和20世纪初期的"整理国故"运动,它是中西文化濡涵的结果,因此,学科必须坚持中西两个维度。中国古代文论衍生于中国大文化的土壤,郭绍虞等学科奠基者从繁浩的经、史、文中梳理文论的脉络,而尔后的大学学科建制使得这门学科研究日益封闭于纯文学领域。要想实现转换,我们有必要恢复"大文论"的传统,从文史哲的整体中进行研究,还原学科的真实面目,避免古代文论与传统文化的脱节。中国古代文论体现了民族的思维方式,在治学方法上,郭绍虞等人"各照隅隙"的治学方法在当代仍然值得借鉴。

Chinese ancient “poetry comment” has the bibliography significance only, it is not the modern sense of discipline. China history of literary criticism was due to the western scientific thought and “rearranging the national heritage”movement in early twentieth century, which is the result of the moisten the culvert of the Chinese and western. So, the subject must adhere to the two dimensions of the Chinese and western. Chinese ancient literary theory is born in big culture. Discipline founder such as Guo Shaoyu and other people comb context the literary theory from lots of classics, history and Literature. After that, university disciplinary construction makes this subject research increasingly narrower. We need to restore the“big literary theory”of the traditional studies from the literature, history and classics, so as to avoid the deviation from the traditional culture. Chinese ancient literary theory reflect the nation’s way of thinking, In his scholarly methods, Guo Shaoyu’s “careful analysis” research methods of China traditional are still worthy of learning.