国家治理与权力转化

包刚升认为,国家治理概念的起源与公司治理有关,其核心是形成官员与公民共同体之间激励相容的合约。陈慧荣认为,应该基于国家与社会互动的视角来理解国家建设,国家要超越和渗透社会,实现理性化、自主性和嵌入性;同时,社会应该通过法治与问责制两种机制实现对国家的制衡。总体上,国家与社会分享权力有助于提高国家治理水平。黄琪轩认为,有效的国家治理,一方面要防止土地及资本集团的经济权力向政治领域渗透,甚至控制政治领域;另一方面要防止政治权力向经济领域渗透,控制和垄断经济资源和机会。良好的国家治理应该在权力之间设置屏障,避免政治权力与经济权力二者相互转化。朱天飚认为,民族国家和资本主义的互动史其实是国家管理模式逐渐转型的历史,从统治者部分接纳社会到全部接纳社会,其间经历了一个从国家统治到国家治理的模式转型。历史地看,新自由主义未必会促进国家治理,相反两者之间存在着明显的张力。

Bao Gangsheng argues that the logic of public governance is relevant to corporate governance. The core is to form an incentive compatibility contract between officials and citizens. Chen Huirong argues for understanding state building from a perspective of state-society interaction. The state should both penetrate society and go beyond it based on its rationalization, autonomy and embeddedness. At the same time, society should balance the state power by rule of law and a mechanism of accountability. Huang Qixuan argues that effective public governance is based on the following two things: first, to prevent the economic power of land and capital owners from penetrating and even controlling the political arena; second, to also prevent government power from penetrating, controlling and monopolizing economic resources and opportunities. Good public governance should avoid the mutual transformation between economic and political powers. Zhu Tianbiao argues that the history of evolution between different modes of public management is actually the history of the interaction between nationstates and capitalism, in particular, the transformation from state rule to governance reflects the change from a partial social participation into state's decision-making process to its full participation.