吉林中部超高产大豆的生育特征与营养特性研究

Growth and Nutrition Characteristics of Soybean in the Middle of Jilin Province

以高产大豆品种杂交豆1号和吉育88为试验材料，采用有机无机肥结合、大量元素与微量元素结合，底肥、口肥、追肥和叶面喷肥相结合的超高产栽培模式，研究吉林中部超高产大豆的生育特征和营养特性。结果表明：吉林中部超高产大豆产量可以达到4650kg·hm^-2以上，最大叶面积指数大于5．4；全生育期氮、磷、钾最大积累量分别不低于315．7，40．7，169．9kg·hm^-2；干物质积累量最大值10 115．5～11 599．2kg·hm^-2，干物质日积累最大值134．2～141．9kg·hm^-2·d^-1，开花后吸肥量增大，吸肥强度增大，可见，提高大豆生育中后期氮、磷、钾的供应强度是大豆超高产的必要条件。

In this paper,we analyzed the characteristics of growth and nutrition of soybean in the middle of Jilin province and based on the hybrid bean high-yield soybean Hybrid bean 1 and JY88 as test materials. The cultivation mode integrated N,P, K, manure, trace element, and applied basic fertilizer, seed fertilizer, topdressing, leaf fertilizer. The result indicated that the grain yields of high-yield soybean were over 4 650 kg. ha - 1. Maximum leaf area index were greater than 5.4. The maximum accumulation amount of N,P,K not less than 315.7,40.7 and 169.9 kg·ha^-1 in the whole growth period. The biomasses were 10 115.5-11 599.2 kg·ha^-1. The accumulation per day of biomasses were 134.2-141.9 kg·ha^-1 at podding stage. Blossom after suction amount increases, fertilizer absorption intensity increases, thus,it is a necessary condition for super high-yield soybean to supply N, P, K in late soybean growth.