不同贮藏温度对不同马铃薯品种花粉生活力的影响

Effects of different storage temperatures on pollen viability of different potato varieties

以马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)8个品种(系)为试材,采用氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色法测定马铃薯花粉活力,研究了在20、4、-4和-20℃条件下保存时间与花粉活力之间的关系。结果表明:在20℃条件下,保存7 d所有品种花粉全部失活;在4℃条件下,保存30 d后,大部分品种花粉活力下降到20%以下,保存120 d后,所有品种花粉活力下降至10%以下,贮藏达240 d则大部分品种花粉失活;在-4℃条件下保存的马铃薯花粉在保存30 d后,各品种的活力平均降低了50%,保存在240 d后则基本上失活;在-20℃条件下保存120 d的马铃薯花粉仍有部分品种花粉活力仍在20%以上,且在保存240 d后各品种花粉活力均未失活。-4℃避光干燥的条件适宜马铃薯花粉的短期贮藏,-20℃条件更适宜长时间贮藏花粉。

Pollen vitality of eight potato varieties（Solanum tuberosum L.）,which were stored at temperatures of 20,4,-4 and-20℃ were tested with triphenyltetrazolium chloride（TTC） staining method. The results showed that when the storage temperature was 20℃,pollen of all varieties lost vitality after 7 days. When the storage temperature was 4℃ pollen vitality of most varieties reduced to less than 20% after 30 days and less than 10% after 120 days,and no vitality after 240 days. When stored at-4 ℃ environment,pollen vitality of all varieties reduced by 50% averagely after 30 days and most lost vitality after 240 days. Pollen vitality of some varieties maintained at above 20% after120 days in-20 ℃,and vitality inactivation had not occurred in all varieties after 240 days.-4 ℃dark dry conditions suitable for short-term storage of potato pollen and-20 ℃ more suitable for long storage of pollen.