法庭话语中的语用模糊分析

An Analysis on Pragmatic Vagueness in Courtroom Discourses

模糊性是法律语言的固有属性,普遍存在于立法语言和司法语言中。在法庭活动中,作为一种语用策略,庭审的不同主体为实现各自的目的,会选择使用语用模糊。法庭话语中的语用模糊有多种实现方式,主要包括使用模糊限制语、间接应答、回避、指称等。法律模糊性的真正的消除要在具体的司法实践中来完成。作为庭审主导者的法官会利用话语权力适时控制模糊性的出现与增强,使庭审活动朝着确定性的方向发展。

Vagueness is one of the intrinsic properties for the legal language, which can be found easily in legislative and judicial language. Pragmatic vagueness is used as a pragmatic strategy by courtroom participants to achieve their purposes during the trial. There are various forms of pragmatic vagueness in courtroom discourse, including hedge, indirect response, irrelevant answer and designation. The vagueness of legal language can be eliminated in judicial activities. As the dominant in the courtroom, judge will take advantage of his speech power to control the appearance and enhancement of the vagueness, making the trial develop toward the certainty.