新安全观与中国和东盟的安全困境

New Security Concept and the Security Dilemma between China and ASEAN

针对世纪之交东亚地区安全与区域一体化形势的发展,中国于2002年7月向东盟地区论坛提交《中方关于新安全观的立场文件》,全面系统地阐述了中方的安全观念和政策主张。这些观念与东盟当时的地区安全观彼此相容,为本世纪头十年双方关系的全面发展奠定了良好基础。然而,随着近年来东亚地缘局势的变化,东盟的地区安全观出现重大转变,中国与东盟在地区安全面临的主要威胁、实现地区安全的基本条件以及维护地区安全的方法等方面均产生较为严重的分歧。在此情况下,东盟对华战略疑虑不断上升,一些国家开始大力提升军备并寻求区外大国的帮助和保护,这又与美国的"亚太再平衡"战略相互契合,形成东盟与美国合作共同抗衡中国的战略态势。由此而来,中国和东盟之间出现一定程度的安全困境,对双方关系的全面发展形成严重障碍。为了巩固有利于自身和平发展的周边环境,中国须调整和补充新安全观的具体内容及表现形式,对其进行及时"升级"。具体而言,需要在坚持新安全观核心思想的基础上,重点促进地区各国对利益相系、义利相融这一原则的共识,主动消除东盟对中国的战略疑虑,不断扩大双方的利益共同体、责任共同体和命运共同体意识,从而逐步超越中国与东盟的安全困境,使双方关系重回全面包容性合作的轨道。

In view of the development of regional security situation and growing regionalism at the turn of the 21st century, China submitted the Position Paper on the PRC's New Security Outlook to the ASEAN Regional Forum in July 2002, which, in harmony with ASEAN's regional security concept, served as a good foundation for the all-round development of their relationship in the 2000s. With the geopolitical changes in East Asia in recent years, however, ASEAN's strategic distrust of China has been rising and its security concept shifting toward bandwagoning with the U.S. and other outside powers to hedge against China. A security dilemma is thus taking shape between China and ASEAN, which hinders the further development of their strategic partnership. In order to consolidate a favorable neighborhood for lasting peaceful rise, China must upgrade the existing New Security Concept. More specifically, China should emphasize the building of regional consensus on 'indivisible common interests and the integration between interests and justice' while adhering to the core proposals of New Security Concept, so as to overcome the security dilemma between China and ASEAN and bring their relations back on the track of comprehensive and inclusive cooperation.