清末中国的留日美术女生——以日本私立女子美术学校江苏籍女生为主的考察

Chinese Women Fine Art Students Studying in Japan in Late Qing Dynasty——Inspection Mainly on Women Students Natively from Jiangsu Province Learning in the Private Women Fine Art School in Japan

清末国人在日学习"美术"者,女性远多于男性。日本私立女子美术学校(私立女子美术大学之前身)为当时日本接受中国女生最多之学校,从光绪二十九年至辛亥革命,即1903年至1911年的九年,在该校留学的中国女性计61人左右,其著名者有何香凝等人。而留日女生多集中在私立学校,主要是受清廷于1905年9月诏令停止科举之影响——或伴其丈夫,或随其父兄而同往日本。她们的这段"美术先锋"历程,不能被我们所忽略或遗忘,而应尽力还原其原貌。

There were more women than men among Chinese learning 'fine art' in Japan in the late Qing dynasty.Japanese Private Women Fine Art School(the previous Joshibi University of Art and Design) was the school that had the most Chinese woman students.From 29th year of Guangxu Period to the Revolution of 1911,that was the 9 years from 1903 to 1911,there were about 61 Chinese women studying in this school,among whom there was famous ones such as He Xiangning.Most of the Chinese women students studying in Japan were in private schools,mainly because of the influence of the order given by the Qing court to stop imperial examination since September 1905---so they went to Japan together with their husband or father and brother.Their experiences of being the 'fine art avant garde' should not be ignored or forgotten by us,but be recorded according to the truth.