110例丙型肝炎患者流行病学特征和疾病谱分析

Epidemiological features and disease spectrum of hepatitis C in Qinghai Province,China: analysis of 110 cases

目的调查丙型肝炎住院患者的流行病学特征和疾病谱,为HCV感染的防治提供参考。方法回顾性分析2008年1月至2011年10月住院的110例丙型肝炎患者的人口学、流行病学资料和实验室检查,计数资料的比较用χ2检验。结果在110例被调查的患者中,男∶女为1.2∶1;传播途径主要有应用血制品、手术、不明原因、静脉吸毒和性传播等。2008至2011年年发病人数分别为16、18、32、44人。本地区HCV基因型有1b、2a型,1b型最多占60.7%(17/28),其次为2a型占28.6%(8/28),1b/2a混合型占7.1%(2/28),3b型3.6%(1/28)。慢性肝炎占67.3%,肝硬化率达19.1%。结论 HCV年发病呈上升趋势,HCV基因分型以1b和2a为主,丙型肝炎易于向肝硬化发展,应加强重点人群疫情监测。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological features and disease spectrum of inpatients with hepatitis C in recent years and to provide reference for the control of hepatitis C.Methods A retrospective study of demography,epidemiology,and laboratory examination was performed in 1 10 hospitalized patients with hepatitis C.Results Of the 1 10 patients,60 were male and 50 were female,with a male-to-female ratio of 1.2：1.The main transmission routes included blood product transfusion （33.6%）,surgery （30.0%）,intravenous drug use （14.5%）,and sexual transmission （4.5%）.The other 19 cases （17.4%）were of unknown transmission route.The annual numbers of cases from 2008 to 2011 were 16,18,32,and 44,respectively.The genotype proportions in patients were as follows：1b,60.7%（17/28）;2a,28.6%（8/28）;1b/2a mixed type,7.1%（2/28）;3b,3.6%（1/28）.Of all patients,13.6%（15/110）were found with a-cute hepatitis C,67.3% （74/110）with chronic hepatitis C,19.1% （21/110）with liver cirrhosis,and 10.9% （12/110）with decom-pensated cirrhosis.Conclusion The incidence of HCV infection has been increasing year by year.The major HCV genotypes are 1 b and 2a.Hepatitis C is apt to develop into liver cirrhosis.It is necessary to reinforce monitoring and to carry out specific epidemiological study a-mong the target population.