新疆儿童KSHV血清阳性率及危险因素研究

Seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in children and the risk factors in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China

目的了解新疆儿童卡波氏肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（KSHV）的血清阳性率及危险因素。方法以新疆维吾尔族和哈萨克族为主要人口构成的伊宁地区新源县和伽师县6个月至5周岁的儿童为研究对象，采用调查问卷收集家庭一般信息。采集儿童及其母亲的静脉血323份（其中儿童171份，与之对应的母亲152份）。采用单克隆免疫增强荧光（monoclonal-enhanced immunofluorescence assay mIFAs）技术检测血清KSHV抗体。Logistic回归分析儿童血清KSHV抗体阳性的影响因素。结果母亲血清样本阳性率为66．5％（101／152），儿童血清样本阳性率为51．5％（88／171）。多因素分析发现儿童吃硬质食物（OR=2．61，95％CI=1．06～6．42；P=0．04）及与嚼碎食物喂给孩子吃（OR=5．65，95％CI=1．58-13．75；P=0．005）是感染KSHV病毒的危险因素，具有统计学意义。结论新疆KSHV感染发生在儿童早期，唾液接触可能是重要的传播途径。

The prevalence of Kaposi＇s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus （KSHV） infection in children of Xinjiang was investigated in this study in order to identify associated socioeconomic or behavioral risk factors. Children under the age of 6 months to 5 years old as the research object, attending local clinics in Xinyuan and Jiashi counties in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, were approached to participate in this study. General information was collected by using questionnaires. There were 323 donors detected, including 171 children and 152 caregivers. KSHV antibody in plasma samples were tested using amonocional-enhanced immunofluorescence assay （mlFAs）. Risk factor analysis was conducted using logistic regression. Our results on KSHV seroprevalence in children and caregivers in Xinjiang was 51.5 % and 66.5 %. Logistic regression multivariate analysis found that both of the children eating hard foods （OR=2.61, 95% CI=1. 06-6.42, P=0.04）, and children fed with chewed food （OR=5.65, 95% CI= 1.58- 13.75, P= 0. 005） had statistical significance. Two significant associations were observed in child KSHV seroprevalence with children eating hard food and feeding the children with chewed food by family members. In conclusion, these results suggest that KSHV infection in the minority populations of Xinjiang is likely to be occurring during early childhood, probably via horizontal transmission through saliva, and could results in high seroprevalence in the adult population.