不同提取方法对丁香精油体外杀螨效果的影响

Effects of extraction methods for volatile oil from Flos caryophylli on killing Demodex in vitro

目的探讨不同提取方法获取的丁香精油对蠕形螨的体外抑杀效果。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法、乙醇回流法和超临界二氧化碳萃取法获取丁香精油；采用挤黏结合法获取蠕形螨；镜下观察丁香精油对人体蠕形螨的抑杀效果。结果3种提取方法获取的丁香精油对蠕形螨均有较好的抑杀效果，差异无统计学意义，但是超临界二氧化碳萃取法与水蒸气蒸馏法对两种人体蠕形螨抑杀效果比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．005），3种提取方法获取的丁香精油对两种人体蠕形螨的抑杀效果与对照组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．005）。超临界二氧化碳萃取法获取的丁香精油含量最高，3～5min内抑杀效果优于其他方法。结论超临界二氧化碳萃取法因提取率高，提取时间短，无溶剂残留，抑杀蠕形螨效果好，是选择和应用含挥发油类中药材进行抑杀蠕形螨实验的一种首选提取方法。

The volatile oil of Flos caryophylli was extracted by different methods including steam distillation extracted （SDE）, ethanol refluxing extracted （ERE） and supercritical fluid ex traetion-co2 （SFE- CO2 ） in this study. The follicle mites were collected with adhesive cellophane tape and observed microscopically of the killing effects in vitro. The results showed that the volatile oil of Flos caryophylli which was extracted by different methods was highly powerful to destroy both Dernodex folliculorurn and Demodex brevis in vitro, and the difference was no significant. Yet comparing the quantity of volatile oil, the method of SFE-CO2 was the best one than the other methods, and the killing effect was the best in 3 5 min. In virtue of the higher extraction rate, the shorter extraction time, no residual solvent, and the best effect in killing mites, the SFE-CO2 is a preferred extraction method to Chinese herbal medicine which contains the volatile oil in killing Demodex experiment.