徕卡ScanStation2激光扫描仪强度数据影响因素实验研究

Experimental Study on Factors Influencing Echo Intensity Data of Leica ScanStation2 Laser Scanner

地面激光扫描仪回波强度信号不仅与地物的激光反射特性有关,还与其他因素相关,这降低了基于强度数据的地物分类结果的可靠性和精度。基于徕卡ScanStation2型地面激光扫描仪,实验研究了仪器、距离、入射角、地物反射面特性、外界环境等因素对强度数据的影响。结果表明:强度值随距离的增大呈现先增大后减小趋势,且在距离为15 m左右达到最大值;强度值标准差随距离的增大首先表现为振荡下降趋势,当距离大于55 m后趋于稳定;入射角对强度数据的影响与地物本身特性(如地物的激光反射率、均质性)有关;接近激光波长的颜色和激光本身的颜色强度值大,但其强度值标准差也大;同一地物干燥时的强度值比湿润时高;外界环境对强度值影响有限。

In addition to the object reflective property at the laser wavelength, the echo intensity data acquired by terrestrial laser scanner is also related to other factors,which reduces the reliability and accuracy of object classification based on intensity data. The effects of instrument, distance, incidence angle, object reflector, and environmental conditions on intensity data are studied with Leica ScanStation2 laser scanner. The results indicate that with the increasing of distance, the intensity value increases at first and then decreases, and the maximum value occurs at about 15 m, while its standard deviation declines oscillatorily and tends to be stable after increasing to 55 m. The effect of incidence angle on intensity data is related to object properties, such as object reflectance at the laser wavelength and homogeneity. Colors close to laser wavelength and the color of laser itself generate higher intensity values, while introduce higher standard deviations. For the same object, the intensity value in dry condition is greater than that in wet condition. Environmental conditions have no significant impact on intensity value.