不同生长期的柚子叶的挥发性成分分析

Analysis for volatile compounds of Citrus grandis(Linn.) Osbeck leaves in different growth phase

对柚子的老叶和嫩叶的挥发油化学成分进行研究,并探讨其差异,为柚子叶的开发利用提供科学依据.采用无溶剂微波萃取法提取柚子老叶和嫩叶的挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对其化学成分进行分析,并以面积归一化法测定各个成分的相对含量.从柚子老叶和嫩叶的挥发油中分别分离鉴定出了59、51个化合物,分别占其挥发油总量的91.29%、87.45%,且2个部分的挥发性成分及含量差异性较大.柚子叶中的挥发性成分非常丰富,其中,许多化学成分具有芳香性或药理药效作用,在香精香料或医疗领域具有一定的利用价值.另外,柚子老叶的得油率比嫩叶高,其挥发性成分也比嫩叶的丰富,故柚子叶的采收宜在生长后期.

In order to provide a scientific evidence for the exploration and usage of Citrus grandis （Linn.） Osbeck, the chemical constituents of its volatile oils was analyzed. The volatile oils of Citrus grandis （ Linn. ） Os beck were extracted by Free-solvent Microwave Extraction （SFME） and its chemical constituents were separated and identified by GC - MSI The content of each constituent was determined by area normalization method. 59 components were identified in old leaves of Citrus grandis （ Linn. ） Osbeck,which accounts for 91.29% of the total volatile oils. 51 components were identified in young leaves, which constituted about 87.45 % of the total volatile oils, and there were significant differences in the leaves. Volatile components in Citrus grandis （Linn.）Osbeck are abundant, and there are lots of aromatic substances and active ingredients, which can be used in the research of essence spice and in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. In addition, oils yield of the old leaves is higher than the young leaves, and its volatile components of old leaves is more than the young ones, thereibre the leaves should be harvested at later growth stage.