压抽混合式通风独头巷道内氡及氡子体浓度的计算模型及其分布规律研究

Study on Calculation Models and Distribution Rules of the Radon Concentration and Its Progenies Concentration in Blind Roadway with Forced-exhaust Ventilation

压抽混合式通风是长距离独头掘进巷道内控制氡及氡子体浓度重要的通风方式,研究该种通风方式下巷道风流中氡及氡子体浓度分布规律对指导其通风和辐射防护设计具有重要的意义。为此,根据氡与氡子体之间的衰变关系,建立了风流中氡子体α潜能浓度与氡活度浓度之间的简化数学计算模型;接着,分析了独头巷道受限空间内氡及氡子体的来源,并基于巷道风流的紊流传质理论,建立了压抽混合式通风方式下风流中氡活度浓度与氡子体α潜能浓度分布的数学计算模型;最后,针对一个具体的独头巷道,探讨了通风量和岩壁氡析出率对整个巷道内氡浓度和氡子体α潜能浓度分布的影响,同时提出了独头巷道内降低氡及氡子体致工作人员剂量的防护措施。

The forced-exhaust ventilation is an important way to control the concentration of radon and its progenies in long-distance blind driving roadway. It is of great significance for guiding the design of ventilation and radiation protection to study distribution characteristics of the concentration of radon and its progenies in the wind of roadway adopting the forced-exhaust ventilation. Therefore, according to the decay relationship of radon and its progenies, a simplified mathematical calculation model was built, which relates to the radon activity concentration and the potential alpha concentration of radon progenies. The paper also analyzed the sources of radon and its progenies in the limited space of the blind roadway. Then, based on the turbulence mass transfer theory of ventilation air flow, the paper established mathematical calculation models of distribution characteristics of the radon activity concentration and the potential alpha concentration of radon progenies in blind roadway with forced-exhaust ventilation, respectively. Finally, the paper applied the calculation models to a special blind roadway, and discussed the influence of the ventilation air inflow and the radon exhalation rate of rock wall on the distribution of radon concentration and the potential alpha concentration of radon progenies in the roadway. Meanwhile, some protective measurements were put forward to reduce the radiation dose of worker caused by radon and its progenies in the blind roadway.