北海市二次供水卫生状况及其影响因素

Investigation on sanitary conditions of secondary water supply in Beihai City and analysis on its influencing factors

目的了解北海市二次供水的水质卫生状况,为政府部门制定管理决策提供技术依据。方法对该市93家二次供水单位的水质进行卫生检测,并对供水水质影响因素进行分析。结果调查二次供水单位93家,检测二次供水93份,水质合格的71份,合格率为76.3%;合格率以中小学校为最高(83.3%),其次为宾馆酒店(81.8%),而物业小区最低(57.1%);影响二次供水水质合格率的主要指标是消毒剂二氧化氯含量和pH值,合格率分别为76.3%和77.4%;二次供水贮水池密封与否以及水池定期清洗与否直接影响供水水质,表现为水池口密封的二次供水水质合格率显著高于水池不密封的水质(χ2=18.21,P<0.01),水池定期清洗的水质合格率显著高于水池不清洗的水质(χ2=20.12,P<0.01)。结论北海市二次供水水质合格率偏低,存在一定的介水疾病传播风险,应加强对二次供水设施的卫生管理。

[Objective ] To understand the sanitary conditions of secondary water supply in Beihai City, provide technical basis for government department to make the management decision. [ Methods] The water quality of 93 secondary water supply enterprises in this city was detected, and the influencing factors of water quality were analyzed. [ Results ] A total of 93 water samples from 93 secondary water supply enterprises were investigated, 71 samples were qualified with the qualified rate of 76.3 %. The qualified rate in primary and secondary schools was the highest （ 83.3% ）, followed by hotels （ 81.8% ）, and that in residential community was the lowest （ 57.1% ）. The main indexes that influenced the quality of secondary water supply were chlorine dioxide content in disinfectant and pH value, which the qualified rate was 76.3% and 77.4% respectively. The sealed status and regular cleaning of reservoir directly influenced the water quality, and the qualified rate of secondary water supply with sealed reservoir was significantly higher than that with open reservoir （X^2 = 18.21, P 〈0.01） , while the qualified rate of reservoir with regular cleaning was significantly higher than that without regular cleaning （X^2 = 20.12, P 〈 0. 01）. [ Conclusion ] The qualified rate of secondary water supply is low relatively in Beihai City, and there is the risk of water-borne diseases. It is necessary to strengthen the health management of secondary water supply.