棉铃虫灾害的长期性及性信息素的减灾控害作用

A protracted disaster of cotton bollworm in China and the role of sex pheromone in the disaster reduction

简要分析了我国棉铃虫灾害的长期性，并较全面地介绍了性信息素在减灾控害中的作用．这些作 用可分为：帮助识别对象害虫、监测种群动态、迅速普及虫情信息。直接诱杀雄虫以及提前１周开展减灾 行动等。直接诱杀雄虫后，引起雌雄比上升，雌蛾产卵量下降，孵化率降低，幼虫及为害量减少，其中 幼虫量一般减少２０％～５０％。根据在新疆、山东等地的试用经验，作者首次指出性信息素帮助识别害 虫和迅速普及虫情信息对减灾的关键作用，并讨论了性信息素的干扰交配和诱杀雌虫的可能作用，以及 使用性信息素与农业可持续发展的关系．

This paper gives a brief analysis of a protracted disaster of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera(Hubner), in China and shows in detail the role of sex pheromone in reduction of the disaster. Sex pheromone can be used to identify the pest, monitor population dynamics, rapidly spread pest information, directly trap and kill the male moths, and take control actions a week ahead of the sprays. By means of mass trapping males, the sex ratio of the pest population was increased, fecundity of female moths decreased, hatching percentage decreased. As a result, both the number of larvae and amount of damage were decreased. A 20% - 50% decrease in larval number was generally found. With the experence in Xinjiang and Shandong cotton areas, the authors first reported the use of pheromone to help growers identify the species and inform in time the growers of the pest dynamics, which played a key role in reduction of the disaster. In addition, the authors discussed the possible effects of pheromone on mating disruption and trapping female moths, and relationship between use of pheromone and sustainable agriculture.