后颅窝注血法建立大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后早期脑损伤模型

A model of early brain injury following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage by injecting autologous blood into posterior cranial fossa in rat

目的建立一种微创、有效、简单、重复性好的大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后早期脑损伤动物模型。方法健康SD大鼠30只,随机分成正常对照组、假手术组和SAH组。采用后颅窝注血法建立蛛网膜下腔出血后早期脑损伤动物模型,记录一般情况、死亡率和神经行为学评分,24h后处死大鼠,开颅取脑观察大体标本,取大鼠脑干行HE染色,观察基底动脉的直径、血管壁厚度及病理结构变化。结果与正常对照组及假手术组比较,SAH组大鼠神经行为学评分明显降低(F=47.087,P<0.05),蛛网膜下腔可见弥漫性分布的血液或血凝块,主要分布于基底池及颅底蛛网膜下腔,基底动脉直径较正常对照组和假手术组明显减小(F=55.417,P<0.05),壁厚明显增大(F=18.341,P<0.05)。结论采用后颅窝注血法可成功建立大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后早期脑损伤模型。

Objective To establish a model of early brain injury（EBI）following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage（SAH）in rat.Methods A total of 30healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 3groups：normal control group,sham-operated group and SAH group.The SAH model was induced by injecting autologous blood into the posterior cranial fossa of rats.The general condition,mortality and neurologic scores were recorded.Twenty-four hours after SAH induction,the rats were sacrificed.Brain stems were removed and HE stained for histopathological examination.Measurement of luminal diameter,wall thickness of the basilar arteries and changes of pathological structure were observed.Results Compared with normal control group and sham-operated group,the neurologic scores of rats in SAH group were significantly lower（F=47.087,P〈0.05）.Blood spread the subarachnoid space of the skull base.The basilar arteries of rats in SAH group were significantly thicker（F=18.341,P〈0.05）and the luminal diameters significantly smaller（F=55.417,P〈0.05）.Conclusion Injection of autologous blood into the posterior cranial fossa makes a reliable model of early brain injury following experimental SAH in rat.