不同情绪情境下婴儿社会参照的选择性:依恋类型的影响

Baby's Selective Referencing in Different Emotion Situations:The Influence of Different Attachment Type

该研究考查了45名12-18个月不同依恋类型的婴儿在不同情绪情境(母亲和陌生人情绪一致或不一致)下,对母亲和陌生人社会参照的选择性。研究发现:婴儿参照注视成人的次数,在消极一致和两种冲突情绪情境下显著高于积极一致情绪情境;探索行为,在消极一致和两种冲突情绪情境下显著低于积极一致情绪情境;婴儿参照注视陌生人的次数显著高于母亲,验证了"领域专家"假说;回避型婴儿对成人的参照行为显著少于安全型和焦虑型;安全型婴儿行为调节的灵活性显著高于回避型和焦虑型。安全型婴儿的社会参照策略显著优于非安全型婴儿。

The present study evaluates 45 12-to-18-month-old infants＇selectivity of social referencing in different emotional situations, and the attachment types in strange situation processing. In sum, we find： Social referencing looking in positive situations is significantly more than in negative and the two conflicting ones, but the toy exploration outcome is just the opposite. Social referencing looking to mothers is much more than strangers, which proves the expertise theory. Insecure-avoidant infants display less reliance on both adults. Secure infants display more flexible than insecure infants. Secure infants own better referencing regulation methods.