资源误置测度方法研究述评

A Survey on Measurements of Resource Misallocation

产品市场和要素市场的不完全性导致资源在企业间不能以其边际产出相等的原则进行配置,从而产生资源误置。由于资源误置会对社会全要素生产率和总产出造成很大的损失,形成行业间甚至国家间较大的TFP差异,因此,探究资源误置的测度方法,对于准确分析资本市场和劳动力市场的扭曲情况具有很强的实践指导意义。通过对现有文献中三种资源误置测度方法(要素投入扭曲、TFP扭曲和加成率异质性)进行系统的梳理及简要评述,可以认清现有测度方法的不足,并对展开中国的经验应用提供有益启示。

The imperfect competition in factor or product markets always fails to allocate resources according to firm＇s equal marginal products, therefore resulting in resource misallocation. Due to the negative effects of resources misallocation on aggregate total factor productivity and outputs, both cross-country and cross-industry productivity differences become more pronounced. So figuring out the approaches that measure the degree of resource misallocation provides the constructive practical reference to the analysis of the distortion in Chinese capital market and labor market. After a review of relative literature, this paper summarizes and discusses the main approaches to measure resource misallocation, and explores the insufficiency about the existing studies and policy implications.