利用关岭牛及其杂交牛生产雪花牛肉的试验研究

Pilot Study on the Production of Snowflakes Beef by Using the Guanling Cattle and Its Crossbred Cattle

选择8～10月龄的关岭牛、西×关杂交牛（西门塔尔牛♂×关岭牛♀）、安×关杂交牛（红安格斯牛♂×关岭牛♀）、利×关杂交牛（利木赞牛♂×关岭牛♀）各8头，进行育肥生产雪花牛肉的试验研究。结果表明：在同一饲养管理条件下，西×关杂的宰前活重、屠宰率、净肉率、肉骨比值、眼肌面积、高档肉块重最高，依次为利×关杂、安×关杂、关岭牛；西×关杂组、利×关杂组、安×关杂组的宰前活重、眼肌面积和高档肉块重差异不显著（P〉0．05），但均显著高于关岭牛组（P〈0．01）；关岭牛组和安X关杂组的肌内雪花状脂肪含量均为3级，优于西×关杂组和利×关杂组；综合评价关岭牛组和安×关杂组的胴体等级均为3A级，西×关杂和利×关杂的胴体等级均为2A级。结果显示，关岭牛虽然产肉性能不高，但机体内并不缺少优秀的遗传基因，具备选育成优质高产肉牛品种的种质基础。

Select 8 to 10 months old Guanling cattle, Western × Guan crossbred cattle （Simmental cattle ♂ ×Guanling cattle ♀ ） , An × Guan crossbred cattle （Red Angus cattle ♂ × Guanling cattle ♀ ）, Li × Guan crossbred cattle （Limousin cattle ♂ × Guanling cattle ♀ ） each 8, pilot study fattening snowflakes beef production. The results showed ： under the same feeding and management conditions, Western × Guan crossbred cattle live weight before slaughter, slaughter rate, meat percentage, the ratio of meat to bone, eye muscle area, the highest grade meat weight, followed by Li × Guan crossbred cattle, An x Guan crossbred cattle, Guanling cattle;Westem × Guan crossbred cattle group, Li × Guan crossbred cattle group, An × Guan crossbred cattle group before slaughter live weight, eye muscle area and upscale meat weight difference was not significant （ P 〉 0.05 ）, but were significantly higher than Guanling cattle group （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; intramuscular flakes fat content of Guanling cattle group and An x Guan crossbred cattle group were grade 3, better than Western × Guan crossbred cattle group and Li × Guan crossbred cattle group ; comprehensive evaluation, carcass grading of Guanling cattle group and An x Guan crossbred cattle group were grade 3A, carcass grading of Western × Guan crossbred cattle group and Li × Guan crossbred cattle group were grade 2A. Thus, although the Guanling cattle meat production performance is not high, but the body is not the lack of superior genetically, with the germplasm base into high - yield breeding beef cattle breeds.