基于双刀架进给机构的活塞车削技术

A Piston Lathing Technology Using Double-Cutter Frame Feeding Mechanism

活塞是内燃机的关键零部件,外形一般为中凸变椭圆形,横截面为椭圆形,其中横截面是加工中的难点。在单刀架进给机构的基础上,设计了双刀架进给机构,分别为四工位刀架和直线刀架。直线刀架由高频率的直线电机驱动,进行活塞横截面的车削加工。最后将Matlab工具处理的活塞数据与活塞加工软件处理的数据对比,证明基于双刀架进给机构的数控车削技术能满足活塞加工的精度要求,从而解决了单刀架进给机构进给频率低,加工平稳性差的问题。

The surface of a piston,a key component of internal combustion engine,is usually designed in middle-convex and varying ellipse; its cross section is elliptic and difficult to process. Based on the single-cutter frame feeding mechanism, we design the double-cutter frame feeding mechanism, which consists of a four-cutter frame and a linear-cutter frame. The linear-cutter frame is driven by a high-frequency linear motor to lathe the cross sec-tion of the piston. To verify the correctness of the piston processing software, we use the MATLAB to fit the discrete data of the piston and compare the data processed with the MATLAB with those processed with the piston processing software. The comparison results, given in Fig.5 and Table 3,and their analysis show preliminarily that the NC lath-ing technology using the double-cutter frame feeding mechanism can meet the requirements for piston processing precision, thus increasing the feeding frequency and processing stability.