水环境中有机碳循环的重要驱动力-噬菌体

Bacteriophage, an Important Driving Force for the Organic Carbon Cycle in Aquatic Biosphere

随着气候温暖化问题日益突出，维持全球碳平衡成为人类可持续发展的关键。在超过地球表面70％的水环境中，生物有机碳循环是所有元素循环中最重要的一环。噬菌体的分布十分广泛，且含量丰富，其丰度可达10^6~10^8／mL，仅海洋噬菌体的总量即可达10^30个。噬菌体在维持生物有机碳循环中贡献巨大，据估算经由海洋病毒完成的可溶性有机碳就达到全球碳循环的26％。主要针对噬菌体在海洋、湖泊、冰尘穴及湿地有机碳循环的作用进行了综述。

Global warming has increasingly become a prominent problem, and maintenance of the global carbon balance is critical for sustainable development. Carbon cycle, especially organic carbon cycle, is more important than any other global biogeochemical cycles of elements in more than 70% of aquatic biosphere of the earth. Bacteriophages are abundant in the aquatic biosphere, ranging from 10^6/mL to 10^8/mL. The total amount of marine phages is about 10^30. Bacteriophages play important ecological roles in global organic carbon cycle. It is estimated that the marine bacteriophages are responsible for 26% of the global dissolved organic carbon cycle. Here, the important roles of bacteriophages in organic carbon cycle in marine, freshwater lakes, cryoconite holes and wetlands are reviewed.