汽车交流发电机空载异响噪声分析

Analysis on No-Load Abnormal Noise Performance of a Vehicle Alternator

发电机在高转速段,空载异响噪声对总声压级的贡献起主导作用,严重影响车辆的乘坐舒适性。对空载异响噪声的影响因素进行分析,借助国内某知名企业的噪声实验室,采集空载噪声数据,获得发电机轴承异响、电刷异响和皮带打滑异响等主要发电机空载异响的频谱图,及转子总成临界转速振动噪声阶次跟踪曲线,对频谱图及噪声阶次跟踪曲线进行分析,找出发电机主要空载异响的特点。该研究为发电机空载异响噪声控制提供依据。

At the high speed segment,no-load noise of vehicle alternator plays a leading role in the total sound pressure level,the riding comfort will reduce greatly.In this article,the influencing factors of no-load abnormal noise were analyzed.The data of no-load noise were collected from a well-known domestic enterprise＇s noise laboratory.The spectrums of main no-load noise of vehicle alternators were obtained.The spectrums includes the abnormal noise made by bearings,brushes,the belt slipping and so on.The order tracking curve of vibration noise made by the rotor assembly under the critical speed was obtained.The main features of no-load abnormal noise of vehicle alternator were found by analyzing the spectrums and the curves.This research provides the basis for the design of vehicle alternators that targets the reduction of abnormal noise.