5种园林植物生态效益研究

Study on Ecological Benefits of Five Garden Plants

对适合用于屋顶绿化的5种园林植物南美蟛蜞菊(Wedelia trilobata)、马缨丹(Lantana camara)、蔓花生(Arachis duranensis)、小蚌兰(Rhoeo discolor)和铺地锦(Melastoma dodecandrum)的光合特性、滞尘能力、吸收硫和氯的能力进行测定,并对5种植物的生态效益进行综合性评价。结果表明:5种植物中,小蚌兰喜阳耐荫,南美蟛蜞菊和铺地锦的净光合速率较大,分别为4.40和3.46μmol·m-2·s-1,吸碳放氧能力较强;马缨丹滞尘能力最强,单位绿化面积年滞尘量692.47 g·m-2;蔓花生吸收硫和氯的能力最强,单位绿化面积含硫、含氯量分别为0.521 9和0.372 4 g·m-2。5种植物的生态效益强弱顺序为南美蟛蜞菊、马缨丹、蔓花生、小蚌兰和铺地锦。

The ecological benefits of five common species usually applied in roof garden were studied in this paper. Photosynthetic rate, dust detaining, sulfur and chloride absorption capability were analyzied and assessed for their ecological benefit comprehensively. The results showed, among the 5 species, Rhoeo discolor prefered shade environment and had good tolerance of the sunlight; Wedelia trilobata and Melastoma dodecandrum presented higher net photosynthetic rates of 4.40 and 3.46 μmol· m^-2· s^- 1, respectively, and both species also had a great function in oxygen production; Lantana camara exhibited the best annual dust detaining rate which was up to 692.47 g. m -2 ; Arachis duranensis performed the best sulfur and chloride absorbtion capability, the annual absorbing rates for sulfur and chloride were 0. 521 9 and 0. 372 4 g.m^-2, respectively. The ecological benefits of the five species was ranked successively as W. trilobata, L. camara, A. duranensis, R. discolor and M. dodecandrum.