高铜对肉鸡红细胞渗透脆性和溶血度的影响

Effect of high-copper diet on osmotic fragility and the degree of hemolysis of erythrocytes in broiler chickens

为了研究铜日粮及铜孵育对肉鸡红细胞渗透脆性和溶血度的影响,试验采用200羽1日龄科宝商品代肉鸡随机平均分为4组,日粮中铜含量分别为11,110,330,550 mg/kg,饲养至10,20,30,40,50天时每组各取5只鸡采集血液、制备抗凝血,用不同浓度含铜孵育液孵育红细胞,验证剂量效应和时间效应;再从Ⅰ组取5只28日龄的肉鸡,采集抗凝血,分离、培养红细胞,采用改良的红细胞渗透脆性测定方法测定红细胞的渗透脆性,用H2O2诱导氧化溶血试验测定其溶血度。结果表明:随着日粮中铜剂量的增加及饲喂时间的延长,红细胞渗透脆性和溶血度均升高,且差异显著(P<0.05);第50天时Ⅳ组红细胞渗透脆性和溶血度均升高,且差异极显著(P<0.01);铜孵育能够极显著增加鸡红细胞渗透脆性(P<0.01),极显著提高红细胞溶血度(P<0.01),并呈现明显的时间、剂量效应。说明试验剂量铜能够显著提高肉鸡红细胞渗透脆性和溶血度,对肉鸡造成损害。

To study the effects of copper diet and copper incubation on osmotic fragility and the degree of haemolysis of erythrocytes in broiler chickens, two hundred healthy 1 - day - old Cobb commercial broiler chickens were randomly divided into four groups, including the control group with 11 mg/kg of copper in diet and the three experimental groups as group Ⅱ ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ with 110 mg/kg, 330 mg/kg, 550 mg/kg of copper in diet, respectively. Chicken serum samples which were collected from 5 broiler chickens of each group, were used to prepare anticoagulant blood when the broiler chickens were raised to 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 d. The erythrocytes were incubated with incubation liquid containing different concentrations of copper sulfate, and then were used to verify the dose effect and time effect. Five broiler chickens from the control group were used to collect anticoagulant blood, isolate and culture the erythrocytes. The osmotic fragility and degree of haemolysis of the erythrocytes were determined using an improved detection method for osmotic fragility and the test for hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative hemolysis, respectively. The results showed that with the increase of doses of copper in diet and extension of feeding time, the osmotic fragility and degree of hemolysis of the erythrocytes were increased, and there were significant differences（ P 〈 0.05 ） between them ; when the osmotic fragility and degree of hemolysis of the erythrocytes from the group 1V at 50 d were increased, there were highly significant differenees（P 〈0.01 ）in them. The results of in vitro testing showed that the incubation of copper could significantly increase （ P 〈 0. 01 ） the osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in broiler chickens, and can very significantly improve（ P 〈 0.01 ） the degree of hemolysis of the erythrocytes, showing obvious time effect and dose effect. It is concluded that the doses of copper in the experiment can significantly improve the osmotic fragility and degree of haemolysis of erythrocytes in broiler chickens, causing the damage to the broiler chickens.