草鱼♀×鳡♂F_1代胚胎发育及胚后发育研究

Research on Embryonic and Postembryonic Development of the Hybrid( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ♀ × Elopichthys bambusa ♂)

[目的]为草鱼杂交育种提供参考。[方法]用草鱼卵与鳡精子进行人工杂交，观察和记录杂交后代胚胎与胚后发育情况。[结果]杂交一代的平均受精率、孵化率和成活率分别为（75．8±6．2）％、（41．9±8．2）％和（9．3±3．7）％。在水温20．1—21．6℃下，受精卵经34h25min孵化。初孵仔鱼全长（5．8±0．12）mm，出膜3～4d开始摄食轮虫和藻类。经65d培育发育成幼鱼，鳞片出齐，全长（74．0±2．1）mm。[结论]草鱼♀ ×鳡♂F1代胚胎发育介于双亲之间，其形态与母本草鱼相似，生长比草鱼快，与父本鲢相近。

[ Objective ] The purpose was to provide a reference for crossbreeding of grass carp. [ Method ] We conducted hybridization between Ctenopharyngodon idellus （ ♀ ） and Elopichthys bambusa （ ♂ ） by artificial methods. The process of embryo and postembryonic development were observed and recorded. [ Result ] The fertilization rate, hatching rate and survival rate of the hybrid F1 were （75.8 ± 6.2 ）% , （41.9 ± 8.2）% and （9.3 ± 3.7）%, respectively. At the water temperature of 20.1 -21.6 ℃, the larvae hatched out on about the 34 h 25min after fertilization. The whole length of newly-hatched larvae of the hybrid F1 was （5.8 ±0.12） mm. The larvae could feed rotifer and unicellular algae after 3 or 4 days hatching. Postembryonic development of the hybrid at the formation of scales, lasted for 65 days, when the young was （74.0 ± 2.1 ） mm in whole length. [ Conclusion] The embryonic development of hybrid F1 was intermediate to their parents, the form of the hybrid F1 was similar to that of their female line of grass carp and the growth rate of larva was faster than grass carp similar to that of their paternal fish.