突发水污染事故的预警与应急监测技术进展

Advance of Sudden Water Pollution Accident Early-warning and Emergency Monitoring Technology

通过分析历史上突发水污染事故典型案例,指出发生突发水污染事故进行应急监测预警的必要性。通过调研水污染事故应急监测技术发展指出了突发水污染事故中毒性监测的必要性和监测原则,详细分析了发光菌检测法、蚕豆根尖微核实验和彗星实验等试验技术成熟的且能够在污染事故发生第一时间对事故做出评判的3种毒性检测技术,其适合在我国推广应用。

By analyzing the history of sudden water pollution accidents typical case, the necessity of emergency monitoring and early warning was pointed out. Through investigation and analysis on development of emergency monitoring technology for water pollution accident, the necessity and monitoring principles were proposed. Three kinds of the mature test technology in toxicity monitoring, including luminescent bacteria detection, vicia faba Micronucleus test and comet assay, which can evaluate the pollution accident in first time, were analyzed in detail. These three techniques are suitable to promote in China.