惰性介质对钝感炸药爆轰的约束效应

Confinement effect of inert materials on insensitive high explosives

首先用改进冲击波极曲线理论分析惰性介质对钝感炸药爆轰的约束作用类型。改进冲击波极曲线基于爆轰ZND模型建立在前导冲击波上,并且未反应炸药采用JWL状态方程,惰性介质采用p(ρ,T)形式状态方程。理论考察声速小于炸药CJ爆速且压缩性不同的6种典型惰性介质约束情况。然后用带三项式Lee-Tarver化学反应率的二维Lagrange流体力学方法数值模拟考察约束相互作用。数值考察约束介质的影响因素有:压缩性、厚度、典型双层介质组合约束。从数值结果看出,由介质压缩性的不同给出的约束作用方式共7种:其中6种出现在介质声速小于炸药CJ爆速条件下,可运用冲击波极曲线理论;另外一种出现在介质声速大于炸药CJ爆速条件下,不能使用冲击波极曲线理论。同时,介质厚度、双层介质组合方式也能够影响爆轰前导冲击波阵面形状以及爆轰化学反应流动状态。

In order to study the confinement effect of inert materials on insensitive high explosives, the improved shock polar curve and phenomenological reaction model were employed. The confinement types were categorized by the improved shock polar theory, which was built on the leading shock wave based on the detonation ZND model, and adopted JWL equation of state in unreacted explosives and p（p, T） equation of state in inert material. If the sonic velocity of the confinement material is less than the CJ velocity of an explosive, the shock polar theory can be utilized. In general, there are several types of interactions that give a ＂match＂ of the pressure and streamline-deflection across the interface between IHE and confinement material. A two-dimensional Lagrangian hydrodynamic method with three-term Lee-Tarver rate law is used to numerically simulate all types of confinement interactions. The important characters of confinement material include： compressibility, thickness, the representative assembled layers, such as bakelite-iron and iron-beryllium （iron close to the explosive）.