半车车辆-道路耦合动力分析模型的研究与应用

Study and Application of a 4-DOF 1/2 Vehicle-Road Coupling Dynamic Model

在不平整路面上行驶的车辆会产生道路与车辆的耦合振动.为简化分析,先将车辆和道路视为两个子系统,然后再耦合为一个整体系统.车辆采用1/2车辆4自由度模型,道路采用弹性多层体系有限元模型,通过轮胎与路面的位移相容条件,建立车辆-道路整体耦合动力分析模型,推导出了系统的动力平衡方程组,并探讨了方程组的解耦方法,提出了反映车辆运行品质和道路设计参数的理论计算指标,为车-路耦合动力分析的深入研究,以及系统研究道路结构设计参数与车辆运行品质的相互关系提供理论基础和求解依据.此外,通过解耦和编程分析,还对沥青路面和水泥混凝土路面两种典型路面结构的运行品质指标进行了分析和评判,以期为不同路面结构设计和分析提供参考.

In the case of a vehicle running on a road, coupling vibration of the vehicle-road sys- tem will be induced because of the road unevenness. To simplify the analysis, the vehicle-road system was first divided into a vehicle subsystem above and a road subsystem below, then the 2 subsystems coupled with each other to form a complete system. The vehicle-road dynamic mod- el consisted of a 4-DOF 1/2 vehicle model and an elastic multi-layer finite element road model, and they coupled through the displacement compatibility between the tires and the pavement. The dynamic equilibrium equations for the system were formulated and the decoupling method for the equations was discussed. Several theoretical indices reflecting the road design parame- ters and the vehicle operation quality were proposed, which provided theoretical basis and sol- ving rationale for the systematic study of relationship between the vehicle operation quality and road design parameters. Furthermore, numerical results of the examples give comparative eval- uation of the traveling quality indices of the 2 typical pavement structures of asphalt concrete and cement concrete, making a useful reference for the design and analysis of different pave- ment structures.