石油化工企业周围环境中大气污染物的分布特征及源解析

Distribution Characteristics and Source Apportionment of the Atmospheric Pollutants Around Petrochemical Enterprise

测定了某石油化工企业厂界内及周围环境空气污染物质量浓度,分析了周围环境空气中各级颗粒物质量浓度的时空分布特征及特征污染物质量浓度之间的相关关系,并用主成分分析和因子分析进一步判断该石化企业是否为重要的污染物来源。结果表明,该石化企业环境空气中的颗粒物质量浓度分布呈现出在时间上(采暖期和非采暖期)、地域上(距离石化企业的远近)、气象条件影响下(主导风向的上下风向)的差异;环境空气中总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)、可入肺颗粒物(PM2.5)、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)的Pearson相关系数较大,且细颗粒物占比重较大,说明它们可能来源于该石化企业。通过对特征污染物进行主成分分析及因子分析判断,这些特征污染物来源于该石化企业的污水处理装置、芳烃装置,以及各无组织排放源。

Through the probe into a certain petrochemical enterprise and its ambient atmospheric particle samples, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the particles of different sizes were discussed. Besides, the concentration relationship among several kinds of particles was also analyzed. Combined with the Pearson correlation analysis and factor analysis of atmospheric particles, the petrochemical enterprise was considered as an important source. The concentration distribution of particles demonstrated prominent differences in period （heating period and non-heating period） and location （distance from the petrochemical enterprise） as well as themeteorological conditions （dominant wind direction）. The Pearson correlation coefficients among particles and fine particle proportion around the petrochemical enterprise were both high, which indicated that the source of the particles might be the petrochemical enterprise. Through the Principal component analysis and factor analysis of atmospheric particulate matter around the petrochemical enterprise, the conclusion was made that these pollutants mainly came from wastewater treatment plant, aromatic hydrocarbon equipment and the fugitive emission sources in the petrochemical enterprise.