专科院校自考本科生焦虑情绪及其影响因素

Anxiety and Its Influencing Factors on Self-taught Student in Technical College

目的了解专科院校自考本科的学生焦虑及影响因素的状况。方法应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、大五人格问卷(FFI)和社会支持量表(SSRS),对专科院校中101名在读学生同时又是自考本科的学生进行问卷调查,然后对其进行t检验、方差分析和回归分析。结果①专科院校自考本科生的焦虑情绪明显高于全国常模水平(t=17.81,P<0.01);女性、城市及独生子女的自考生焦虑情绪明显高于男性、农村及非独生子女(t=3.621,2.798,3.538;P<0.01);②不同的家庭教养模式及不同的年级对自考生的焦虑有显著影响(F=22.754,17.024;P<0.01),进一步进行多重比较表明,处于民主型家庭模式及大二的自考生的焦虑水平显著低于其他两组;③焦虑情绪与神经性、随和性、尽责性、客观支持、主观支持及支持总分存在显著相关(r=0.727,-0.238,-0.283,-0.481,-0.424,-0.552),与外倾性、开放性及对支持利用度无显著性相关(r=0.139,0.112,-0.174);④家庭教养方式、是否独生子女、神经性、开放性、支持总分进入回归方程中(t=-2.835,-2.474,7.474,-2.106,3.468;P<0.05),并且调整的判定系数R2为0.67,说明这几个因子可以有效地预测焦虑情绪。结论专科院校自考本科的学生的焦虑情绪较高,其中女生、独生子女、城市的自考生及专制型、放纵型家庭和大一、大三学生的焦虑情绪较高,是应该关注的人群;同时大五人格及社会支持部分因子有助于发现预测焦虑情绪的存在。

Objective To analyze the anxiety and its influencing factors on self-taught student in technical college Methods Select the self-taught students in several technical colleges randomly about 101 people ,then anxiety self-assessment scale ,NEO Five Factor In-ventory,social support rating scale were performed ,and proceeded the statistical t test ,correlation analysis of variance and regression a-nalysis.Results ①The anxiety level of self-taught student in technical college was significantly higher than the national norm （ t=3.621,2.798,3.538;P〈0.01）.②Different pattern of family nurture and different grade had a significant influence on the anxiety （F=22.754,17.024;P〈0.01）;After doing multiple comparisons ,the score of democratic family＇students and the sophomore student scored significantly lower than that of the other two types;③ Anxiety and nerve,easy-going,responsible,objective support,subjective support and support existed significant correlation ,（r=0.727,-02.38 ,0-.283,-0.481,-0.424,-0.552）there were no significant relation among anxiety and extroversion,open,and the degrees of to use the support （r=0.139,0.112,-0.174）;④Family education mode,whether the one-child,neurological,openness,support could effectively predict anxiety （t=-2.835,-2.474,7.474,-2.106,3.468;P〈0.05）.Con-clusion Self-taught students in technical college have anxiety;The students of girls,the one-child in family,that in city,that in indulgent type of family pattern,authoritarian family pattern and freshman ,junior have more severe anxiety than others ,we should pay attention to the groups.At the same time we should pay attention to apply big five personality and social support factors helps predict the existence of anxiety.