西北地区农村留守儿童心理健康状况

Status of Mental Health in the Rural Left-behind Children in Northwest Region

目的调查农村留守儿童心理健康状况及其特点,对农村中小学开展心理健康教育提供参考。方法采用王极盛编写的《中学生心理健康量表》对陕西省宝鸡市4个地区15所学校的618名农村留守儿童的心理健康水平进行测查。结果农村留守儿童的心理健康问题的检出率为52%(非留守儿童为41.13%);农村留守与非留守儿童在的强迫(t=2.22,P<0.05)、偏执(t=4.27,P<0.01)、敌对(t=2.96,P<0.01)、人际关系(t=2.21,P<0.05)、适应不良(t=3.50,P<0.01)、心理不平衡(t=2.65,P<0.05)等6个因子上存在显著性差异;留守儿童中,男性在偏执(t=2.44,P<0.05)和情绪稳定性(t=2.70,P<0.01)上明显不如女性;父母双双监护的儿童心理健康状况好于单亲监护,单亲监护的留守儿童心理健康状况好于双亲外出。结论农村留守儿童心理健康水平不容乐观,要重视农村留守儿童的心理健康教育。

Objective To investigate rural left-behind children＇mental health status and its characteristics ,and provide reference for the mental health education of rural primary and secondary schools .Methods Using the middle school student mental health scale writ-ten by Wang Jisheng to survey 618 rural left-behind children＇s mental health survey in 4 regions of 15 schools.Results Rural left-behind children＇mental health problem detection rate was 52%（non left-behind children was 41.13%）;Rural rear with the left-behind children in the mental health level of force（t=2.22,P〈0.05）,paranoia（t=4.27,P〈0.01）,hostility （t=2.96,P〈0.01）and interpersonal relationship（t=2.21,P〈0.05）,maladjustment（t=3.50,P〈0.01）,six factors such as psychological imbalance （t=2.65,P〈0.05） existed significant difference;In the left-behind children,boys were lower in paranoid（t=2.44,P〈0.05）and emotional stability（t=2.70,P〈0.01）obviously than girls.Parents both care of children＇mental health was better than single guardianship ,single-parent custo-dy of left-behind children＇s mental health is better than that whose parents both go out .Conclusion Mental health is not optimistic a-mong left-behind children ,which call for more attention to the mental health education of left-be-hind children .