汶川大地震中有无一级亲属震亡成年群体心理健康状况

Mentcl Health Status of Adults With or Without and First-degrce Relatives

目的调查汶川大地震中有一级亲属震亡群众的心理健康状况,并进行创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)筛查,为心理救助及康复提供依据。方法以经历汶川大地震且有一级亲属震亡者为研究组,对照组为经历汶川大地震而无一级亲属震亡者。以自行编制的调查问卷和PTSD-17项筛查问卷(PCL-C)进行评估。结果研究组对象内心痛苦(F=16.126,P=0.000)、不食不语(F=8.573,P=0.003)、抑郁悲伤(F=12.111,P=0.001)均显著高于对照组,两组之间对比有显著统计学差异;而对照组紧张恐惧则高于研究组且有显著统计学差异(F=6.832,P=0.009)。PCL-C量表中再体验症状群(t=-2.500,P=0.013)、回避/麻木症状群(t=-3.391,P=0.001)、警觉增高症状群(t=-3.244,P=0.001)、总分(t=-3.562,P=0.000)得分研究组高于对照组,结果有显著统计学差异。结论地震中有一级亲属震亡者的心身健康损害程度和PTSD发生的风险明显高于无一级亲属震亡者,灾后心理救援应重点关注地震中的丧亲个体,及时进行心理干预极其重要。

Objective To investigate the mental health of the masses of first-degree relative＇s death in wenChuan earthquake and conduct the post-traumatic stress disorder （ PTSD） screening ,then provide the basis for the psychological relief and rehabilitation .Meth-ods The masses of first-degree relative＇s death in Wenchuan earthquake for the study group and the control group without first -degree relatives dead were assessed by the self-designed questionnaire and PTSD -17 screening questionnaire （ PCL-C） .Results There was significant difference among the study group object and the control group （P〈0.01）,the study group object significantly higher of inner pain,more likely to eat less and keep silence ,more likely to be depression and sadness;PCL-C scale of score study group were higher , and the three core symptom clusters ,the total score study group and the control group compared to the results showed a significant differ -ence（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） Conclusion With first-degree relatives in the earthquake dead ,indlviludls＇physical and mental health problern and risk of PTSD are significantly more those with than no first-degree relatives of earthquake dead ,post-disaster psychological aid should focus on bereavement of individuals in the earthquake ,and psychological interventions in a timely manner is extremely impor-tant.