言语工作记忆的保持对时间知觉的影响

Effects of Maintaining Verbal Working Memory on Time Perception

采用工作记忆和时间判断的双任务范式,探讨了言语工作记忆的保持过程对时间知觉的影响。研究中操作记忆负荷和任务之间的时间间隔(ISI:记忆刺激消失到时间判断任务开始之间的时间间隔)。结果发现,记忆负荷越大,知觉到的时间越短,韦伯比例越低,反应时间越长;ISI越短,知觉到的时间变短,反应时间越长,这表明知觉时间和反应决策是一致的,不存在累加时间和反应判断之间的trade-off。但是记忆负荷和ISI的交互作用不显著。结果表明记忆负荷和ISI以不同的方式影响时间判断,言语工作记忆的保持和时间加工共享工作记忆资源。

This study employed a dual-task approach which combined of working memory and time judgment task to investigate the effects of maintenance of verbal working memory on time perception. We manipulated memory load and ISI（ ISI： the time interval from offset of memory items to onset of time judgment task）. The results showed that perceived duration was shortened,temporal sensitivity was decreased and decision time was lengthened as memory load increased. On the other hand,when ISI became shorter,shorter duration and longer decision time occurred.The results demonstrated that that time-keeping process and decision process were not independent,removing the possibility of their trade-off. However,the interaction between memory load and ISI had no effect on timing performance. These findings suggest that memory load and ISI influence time perception in separate approaches,and that working memory resource are shared by verbal working memory and temporal information processing.