新生儿颅内出血风险因素及防治策略探讨

Risk factors of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage and its prevention strategies

目的分析颅内出血在新生儿中的发病特点、风险因素,总结经验并探讨其防治策略。方法收集并分析2010年4月至2012年4月广西贵港市人民医院儿科收治的43例颅内出血新生儿患者的临床资料。结果新生儿颅内出血与患儿早产、多胎妊娠、胎盘前置、出生低体重有关(x～2值分别是31.352、98.228、4.408、56.138,均P<0.05),与孕妇孕期患糖尿病、妊娠高血压疾病、脐带绕颈等也有关(x～2值分别是7.861、12.596、4.131,均P<0.05)。结论新生儿颅内出血的主要风险因素为窒息引起的缺血缺氧,影像学检查是确诊该疾病的主要方法,早期发现是防治的关键。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage （ NICH）, summarize experience and explore prevention strategies .Methods The clinical data of 43 cases with NICH admitted in People ’ s Hospital of Guigang from April 2010 to April 2012 were collected and analyzed retrospectively .Results NICH was associated with premature labor , multiple pregnancy, placenta previa, and low birth weight （χ^2 value was 31.352, 98.228, 4.408 and 56.138, respectively, all P〈0.05）, and also correlated with gestational diabetes mellitus , pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome and cord around neck （χ^2 value was 7.861, 12.596 and 4.131, respectively, all P〈0.05）.Conclusion Ischemia and hypoxia induced by various factors are the main risk factors of NICH, and imaging examination is the main method for its diagnosis .Early detection is the key for its prevention and control .