超临界干燥技术原理及其在饱水木质文物中的应用

The Mechanism of Supercritical Drying Technology and Its Application in Waterlogged Wooden Archaeological Artifacts

饱水文物的脱水干燥是文物保护工作中的一项重要内容。超临界干燥技术是一项新兴的脱水工艺,其处理周期短、脱水过程不会产生破坏文物的表面张力,脱水过程同时有杀菌效果,因此备受文保工作者青睐。本文从超临界干燥技术的原理出发,详细介绍了超临界干燥的过程,常见超临界干燥仪的结构及其在饱水木质文物中的应用。

The dehydration of waterlogged archaeological artifacts is one of the most important as pects in heritage conservation. Supercritical drying （SCD） is a new dehydration technology highly fa voured by researchers of heritage conservation. The advantages of this method include a shorter process period as well as sterilization of the artefacts. Most importantly it prevents water surface tension from destroying the artifacts during the dehydration process. This paper analyzes the mechanism of SCD technology and drying process, while introduceing the structure of common SCD instrument and appli cation on waterlogged wooden archaeological artifacts.