非存在对象语义学

Semantics of Non-existent Objects

非存在对象的理论是一种形而上学的理论。与物理学试图系统地描述基本的和具体的对象不同,形而上学试图系统地描述基本的和非存在的对象。非存在对象是被我们的语言和思维以及被我们的科学概念框架所预设的对象。它是我们对世界理解和科学研究的一部分,作为我们世界的这样一部分,我们可以凭借它们所有的性质,依某种方式预设非存在对象的行为。自然法则不仅仅管辖着有某种性质的实际对象,而且也管辖着具有这些性质的物理上或形而上学上可能的对象。所以,形而上学研究诸如夸克、数、伯伽索斯、独角兽这样的抽象对象和非存在对象,它们按其自身的性质而被作为实体看待。如果我们要理解科学和形而上学的事业,我们就必须预设它们的存在。非存在对象语义学试图在一个系统的框架内描述和组织这些对象。

The theory of non-existent objects is a metaphysical theory. Physics attempts to describe systematically the difference between fundamental objects and concrete objects, whereas metaphysics attempts to describe systematically fundamental objects and non-existent objects. Non-existent objects are objects that are presupposed by our language, thinking, and our scientific conceptual framework. It is a part of our understanding of the world and scientific investigation. By their certain properties, we presuppose the behaviour of non-existent objects in terms of certain ways. Laws of nature govern not only actual objects that have certain properties but also the objects with the properties, which are physically or metaphysically possible. Therefore, metaphysics investigate those abstract objects and nonexistent objects such as quark, numbers, Pegasus, unicorn. They are regarded as entities in terms of their own properties. If we would understand science and metaphysics, we have to presuppose their existence.The semantics of non-existent objects attempts to describe and organize these objects within a systematic framework.