近年来我国农民工“用工荒”的根源与对策

Political Economic Analysis for the Labor Shortage of Migrant Workers in Recent Years

近年来我国多地劳动力市场出现了不同程度的农民工短缺现象。从政治经济学视角出发,这种农民工"用工荒"出现的根本原因并不在于劳动力供给和需求的剧烈波动,而是近年来农民工工资长期低于其劳动力价值所引起的必然结果。从长远看,农民工劳动力价值构成中的生存费用与发展费用都必须得到补偿,否则以农民工为主体的相对过剩人口会不断膨胀,最终引发严重的社会矛盾。解决农民工"用工荒"的根本出路在于提高农民工收入并减轻其生活负担。

During past few years, labor shortage of migrant workers has appeared in dif- ferent degrees in labor markets of many areas of China. From the view of Political Eco- nomics, its reason lies not in the volatility of labor supply and demand, but in the long period of low pay below the labor force value. In the long run, both survive cost and de- velopment cost that constructs the labor force value of migrant workers must be compen- sated, or grim social antagonism may be triggered by the growing expand of relative o- verpopulation that with migrant workers as its majority. The fundamental ways to solve this problem are increasing the wage of migrant workers and ease their life burden.