军校学员5000m跑运动竞赛焦虑的实验研究

Cadets' s Sports Competitions Anxiety in 5000 Metres Examination

目的:分析军校学员长跑考核成绩与运动竞赛焦虑之间的关系,探讨提升学员长跑成绩的措施。方法:运用整群抽样法选择某军校368名2011级男性本科学员作为研究对象,采用运动竞赛焦虑量表(CSAI-2)测试学员考核前的运动竞赛焦虑水平;考核后,将5000 m跑成绩的前60名和后60名分别归为高分组和低分组,分析长跑成绩与运动竞赛焦虑的关系。结果:高分组与低分组的状态认知焦虑、躯体状态焦虑得分有显著的差异,状态自信心无显著差异。结论:学员参加5000 m跑考核前心理状态是影响考核成绩的重要因素;考核前的焦虑心理状态具有运动竞赛焦虑的特点,可以参照中长跑运动员心理释压的方法,结合竞赛心理学原理对军校学员进行心理辅导,以提高考核成绩。

Objective： To analyze the relationship between 5000 metres score and competitive anxiety score of the cadets, and discuss the possible measurements to improve the 5000 metres score. Methods： 368 male military college students were recruited as research subjects. We use the ＂ Sport Competition Anxiety Scale （CSAI - 2）＂ to test the sport competition anxiety level of the students before test. Then two groups were decided according to their 5000 metres record, the top 60 and the last 60. At last, we analyze the rela- tionship between 5000 metres performance and competitive anxiety. Results： There is a significant difference on cognitive anxiety and somatic state anxiety score, but no significant difference on state selfconfidence. Conclusion： The psychology can affect the 5000 metres performance of the cadets. Characteristics of anxiety state of the cadets before 5000 metres test are similar to competition anxiety of sports. The athletes＇ psychological pressurereleasing methods can be taken as a good method for cadets＇ s psychology intervention, followed by psychology principle, before 5000 metres test, to improve the performance result.