基于振动信号的轴承游隙监测及应用

The Monitoring and Application of Bearing Clearance Based on Vibration

轴承游隙是保证轴承寿命,减小摩擦、振动、噪声,使负荷均匀分布的重要使用特性。轴承游隙调节不当会造成使用寿命的缩短,引起振动和噪声,进而造成设备严重损坏等。由于轴承运转过程中无法实现轴承游隙的直接测量,而振动监测是对机械设备进行状态监测和故障诊断最常用的监测方法。笔者通过建立轴承振动模型,分析轴承游隙不当的振动机理,实现了采用振动信号进行轴承游隙不当的监测。通过实例验证表明,在不停机的状态下采用振动监测可以有效地实现对轴承游隙的监测。

Bearing clearance is an important characteristic of operational performance that can ensure the service life of bearing,reduce friction,vibration,and noise,and make distribution of load uniform.The improper adjustment of bearing clearance can produce shorter life,vibration,noise and then make serious damage to the equipment.The direct measurement of bearing clearance cannot be realized during the running process.Vibration monitoring is the most commonly used method for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis.Through the establishment of bearing vibration model and analysis of vibration mechanism for improper bearing clearance,the vibration monitoring for improper bearing clearance has been realized.