伪卡盗取存款的索赔诉讼中证明问题研究

On the Proof Problem in the Claim for Stealing Deposits with False-card

伪卡盗取存款的索赔诉讼中,证明问题的关键在于证明责任的分配以及待证事实的证明。证明责任分配与待证事实的证明困难并不存在必然的因果关系,因此并不能把待证事实证明的难易作为证明责任分配之依据。以规范说作为证明责任分配之基本原理,持卡人应就其违约赔偿请求权成立的要件事实——存在伪卡交易的事实承担证明责任,而银行应就其抗辩成立的要件事实——持卡人未尽到妥善保管密码的义务承担证明责任。上述两个要件事实存在难以直接证明的可能性,可以通过间接证明加以克服。

In the claim for false-card, two kinds of proof problem should be noticed： the distribution of burden of proof and prove of the key facts. There is no certain causal relationship between the distribution of burden of proof and difficulties in the proving of the key facts, and there is no reason to distribute the burden of proof according to the difficulties in the prove of the key facts. According to Rosenberg＇s theory, the cardholder should prove the false-card, while the bank should prove that the cardholder hasn＇t kept the keywords properly. To overcome the difficulties in proving the above two facts, indirect proving is necessary.