冀东铁矿排岩场植被恢复树种选择研究

Study on Selection of Tree Species for Vegetation Restoration in Waste Rock Field of Iron Ore in the East of Hebei Province

为了筛选适合冀东铁矿排岩场废弃地植被恢复的先锋树种,通过田间造林试验,对5种乔木树种和4种灌木树种的成活率、新梢生长量、植被盖度、生长状况进行比较,并分析了综合优势值。结果表明,刺槐、白榆、臭椿的成活率较高,白榆、连翘、火炬、刺槐的新梢生长量较高,火炬、白榆、刺槐、臭椿的植被盖度较高,刺槐、白榆生长旺盛;排岩场9种试验树种的综合优势值大小为:白榆(1.07)>刺槐(1)>火炬(0.91)>臭椿(0.81)>连翘(0.78)>山桃(0.57)>丁香(0.50)>木槿(0.35)>山杏(0.33)。综合考虑,白榆、刺槐、火炬、臭椿是排岩场植被恢复与重建的先锋树种。

In order to screen pioneer species for vegetation restoration in waste rock field of iron ore in the east of Hebei province, field afforestation experiment was used to compare survival rate, shoot increment, vegetation coverage, growth vigor of nine arbor species and shrub species, and the comprehensive advantage values were analyzed. The results showed that different pioneer species were screened for vegetation restoration from different factors：the survival rates of Robinia pseudoacacia L. , Ulmus pumila L. and Ailanthus altissima （Mill.） Swingle were higher than the other species, the shoot increments of Ulrnus pumila L. , Forsythia suspense, Rhus typhina Nutt. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. were higher than the others, the vegetation coverage of Rhus typhina Nutt. ,Ulmus purnila L. ,Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Ailanthus altissima （Mill.） Swingle were higher than the others., Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Ulmus pumila L. thrived in the waste rock field; the comprehensive advantage values of the experimental plant species followed the sequenee：Ulrnus pumila L. （1.07）〉Robinia pseudoacacia L. （1） 〉Rhus typhina Nutt. （0. 91） 〉 Ailanthus altissima （Mill.） Swingle（0.81）〉Forsythia suspensa （0.78）〉Prunus davidiana （0. 57 ） 〉Syzygium aromaticum （0. 50 ） 〉 Hibiscus syriacus L. （0.35） Prunus sibirica （0. 33）. Overall, Ulmus pumila L. , Robinia pseudoacacia L. , Rhus typhina Nutt. , Ailanthus altissima （Mill.） Swingle were the suitable pioneer plant species for revegetation in the waste rock field of iron ore.