2009-2011年新疆手足口病流行病学及病原学特征分析

Epidemiology and Etiology Features of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Xinjiang,2009-2011

目的分析2009—2011年新疆手足口病流行特征及病原谱变化规律，为控制手足口病疫情提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中将新疆2009—01—01／2011—12—31的手足口病报告病例网络直报信息导出，并用描述性流行病学方法对手足口病报告病例资料进行分析。结果2009—2011年新疆手足VI病3年的总发病数18184例，其中实验室诊断病例1648例，占总数的8．95％；总发病率为28．10／10万。3年来在全疆手足151病报告病例中，乌鲁木齐市（5596例）持续居第1位；而实验室诊断病例中居第1位的同样也是乌鲁木齐市（629例）。报告病例主要集中在0～5岁年龄段（16236例），占发病总数的89．29％，男性高于女性；以散居儿童和幼托儿童所占的比例最多，分别为50．28％和42．53％；共报告实验室确诊重症病例53例，重症发生率为0．29％；有明显的季节分布，发病高峰期主要集中在5～7月；新疆手足口病以CoxA16和EV71为主要病原，主要发生在乌鲁木齐市和伊犁哈萨克自治州等地区；共报告20起聚集性病例，均为幼托机构。结论新疆手足口病发病水平不高，但存在明显的地区、人群和时间差异，建议在继续做好全面防控的同时，加强幼托机构的防控工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemiology and etiology characteristics of hand - foot - mouth disease （HFMD） in Xinjiang autonomous region from 2009 to 2011, thus to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control measures. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to analyze the cases of hand -foot -mouth disease collected from the system for diseases control and prevention of China during Janu- ary 1, 2009 to December 31, 2011. Results In the year between 2009 and 2011, the total number of HFMD reported in Xinjiang was 18, 184 and 1, 648 cases were confirmed by laboratory diagnosis, accounting for 8.95% of the total, with an overall incidence of 28. 10/105. The cases mainly concentrated in the 0 - 5 year-old group （n = 16, 236）, accounting for 89.29% of the total; and the incidence of men was higher than that of women. The proportions of scattered children and kindergarten children were 50.28% and 42.53%, respectively. There were 53 severe cases with laboratory diagnosis; and the severe rate was 0. 29%. The cases mainly distributed in May to July and showed significant seasonal fluctuations. The primary pathogens were Cox A16 and EV71, which mainly occurred in Urumqi and Ili Kazak autonomous prefecture and etc. There were 20 gathered events, all of which occurred in preschool organizations. Conclusion The in- cidence of HFMD in Xinjiang stays relatively low in Xin-jiang and the distribution varies significantly. The primary pathogens were Cox A16 and EV71, appearing al- ternately; kindergartens should be paid much attention in future prevention and control work.