不同有机肥对镉污染土壤镉形态及小麦抗性的影响

Effect of Different Organic Manure on Cadmium Form of Soil and Resistance of Wheat in Cadmium Contaminated Soil

为了探讨有机肥钝化修复镉污染土壤对小麦生理抗性及小麦体内镉含量的响应,通过盆栽试验研究了不同有机肥对镉污染土壤Cd形态、小麦体内脯氨酸、丙二醛及小麦各部位镉含量的影响。结果表明:在镉污染土壤上施用有机肥后土壤可交换态Cd与碳酸盐结合态Cd含量有所下降,铁锰氧化物结合态Cd、有机结合态Cd和残留态Cd含量有所增加。施用羊粪、鸡粪的处理SH、CH>SM、CM>SL、CL。施用猪粪的处理PM>PH>PL。施用有机肥后小麦体内脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和小麦各部位Cd含量显著下降,施用羊粪、鸡粪的处理随施肥量的增加小麦体内脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和Cd含量明显降低,施用猪粪的PM处理的小麦脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和小麦根、茎、叶、籽粒中的Cd含量显著低于其他处理,其综合效果猪粪>羊粪>鸡粪。有机肥可通过改变污染土壤中的重金属形态而降低其生物有效性,可用于重金属污染土壤修复。

In order to determine the response of cadmium contaminated soil by organic passivation remediation to physiological resistance and Cd content in wheat, a pot experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different organic manure on cadmium（Cd）form in soil, proline, malonaldehyde and cadmium content in wheat in cadmium contaminated soil. The results showed that the application of organic manure could decline the soil Cd content of exchangeable and bound to carbonate, but improve the Cd content of bond to Fe-Mn oxides bound, bound organic matter, residual fraction in cadmium contaminated soil. After application of sheep manure and chicken manure, the effect of SH and CH was the best, followed by SM and CM, SL and CL were the worst. After application of pig manure, the effect of PM was the best, followed by PH, PL was the worst. In addition, the application of organic manure in cadmium contaminated soil could significantly reduce proline and malonaldehyde contents in wheat and the Cd content in various organs of wheat. The application of sheep manure and chicken manure could evidently decrease the proline and malonaldehyde contents in wheat and the Cd content with increasing application amount. The proline and malonaldehyde contents in wheat and the Cd contents in root, stem, leaf and grain of wheat with pig manure were significantly lower than those of other treatments. The comprehensive effect of pig manure was the best, followed by sheep manure, chicken manure effect was the worst. Organic manure could reduce the biological effectiveness of heavy metals by changing its form in contaminated soil, so it might be used for soil remediation by heavy metal pollution.