耐盐性高吸水树脂的辐照合成及其后处理工艺

Radiation synthesis and the post-processing of a new salt resistance SAR

本实验提供了一种新的PVA/PAAS/EDTA高吸水性树脂及其制备方法。采用聚乙烯醇(Poly vinyl alcohol,PVA)、聚丙烯酸钠(Poly acrylate sodium,PAAS)和乙二胺四乙酸(Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid,EDTA),将由这些材料组成的水溶液经电子束辐射交联合成共聚物凝胶,经浸洗液溶胀和洗涤,萃冻和冷冻干燥后处理,制备出耐盐性高吸水性树脂。采用正交设计原理选出最佳配比,用不同配比的洗涤液进行后处理,研究洗涤液对树脂吸液性能的影响。测试树脂的各项性能,与国内外著名产品进行比较。结果表明,本实验制备出的高吸水性树脂具有优良的吸液速率和离心保液量,去离子水吸液倍率((821.05±1.61)g·g-1)和生理盐水吸液倍率((72.57±3.01)g·g-1)则非常显著地优于国内外著名高吸水性树脂产品(P±0.01)。

Background： Super absorbent resin （SAR） is widely used to absorb ion solution, while its absorbency needs further improvement. Purpose： The aim is to synthesise a new salt resistance SAR by radiation crosslinking, and its performance and the post-processing are researched. Methods： A copolymer gel composed of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate sodium and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid was prepared by the electron beam radiation crosslinking. The copolymer gels were dipped into the washing liquid comprised of different proportions of methanol and deionized water for swelling and immersion. Then these gels were frozen at -80 ℃. After freeze-drying, crushing and screening, the new superabsorbent SAR was prepared. The factors may have influence on the ionic solutions absorption of the SAR which were investigated and optimized with orthogonal tests. The factors included the weight ratios of Poly vinyl alcohol （PVA） to Poly acrylate sodium （PAAS） to Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid （EDTA） and the washing liquid. The performance of the SAR at home and abroad was tested. Results： The Suda3 SAR prepared under our optimized synthesis condition has excellent absorption rate and centrifugal liquid retaining capacity. The absorbency of the Suda3 SAR is （821.05±1.61） g.g-1 in deionized water and （72.57±3.01） g.g i in 0.9wt% NaCI solution respectively. These parameters are significantly better than that of the SAR of domestic and foreign famous companies （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： In this study, the new salt resistance SAR was prepared by radiation crosslinking and the post-processing. The SAR has excellent absorbency properties and could be used in the field of medicine and hygiene material.