近代以来我国城乡人才流动述评

Comment on the rural-urban talents flow since the modern times

近代随着科举制的废除和工业化、城镇化兴起,我国开始了农村人才向城镇的单向流动,这被称为城乡人才"倒流效应"。期间也有乡村建设派、平民教育派的乡村试验、右派下放农村、知识青年上山下乡、乡镇企业的兴起、"三下乡"、"三支一扶"等城市人才向乡村的流动,但只占支流地位。干部下乡、大学生村官等有助于农村人才问题的缓和。解决农村人才问题要靠多种措施合力。

Since the abolishment of imperial examination system and the beginning of industrialization and urbanization, rural talents began the single - direction flow into cities, which was called back flow effect. During this period, there was also counter flow, that is, there appeared the rural construction party, rural experiment of common people education, rightist consigned to the countryside, educat- ed youth going to the countryside, the rising of rural enterprise, etc. However this is in the minor position. The phenomenon of college students serving as village officials and cadres assigned to countryside will help solve the problem of rural talents. Solving this problem needs various measures.