药用植物伏生紫堇开花动态和繁育系统的研究

Research on the Floral Syndrome and Breeding System of Medicinal Plant Corydalis decumbens

以安徽师范大学赭山校区自然分布的伏生紫堇为研究对象,对其花期、花部特征等进行野外观察,同时对其杂交指数(OCI)、花粉-胚珠比(P/O)、花粉活力和柱头可授性等进行检测与研究,探讨了伏生紫堇自然种群的开花动态、繁育系统类型.结果表明:(1)伏生紫堇为总状花序,群体花期约46d,一个花序花期7-11d,单花花期3-7d,一般在3-4月份开花.(2)伏生紫堇雌蕊较雄蕊先熟,柱头与花药在空间上无明显隔离现象.(3)伏生紫堇的杂交指数OCI为3,确定其繁育类型主要为自交亲和,部分需要传粉者参与进行异交;P/O为938,评判其繁育类型是兼性异交.

Coryclalis decumbens located in natural populations in the campus of Anhui Normal University was detected and researched by out-crossing index, pollen-ovule ratio, pollen viability and artificial pollination during the field investigation on the florescence and floral characters, and discussed the floral dynamic and breeding system. The results showed： I） Inflorescence of C. decumbens w＆~ raceme and flowering span of populations was about 46 d. The flowering span of a raceme and the life span of one single flower were about 7 - 11 d and 3 -7 d. The plant was in bloom from March to April. 2） There were no obvious isolation between stigma and anthers. The pistil matured earlier than stamen. 3） A self-pollination breeding system can be shown by OCI = 3, and pollinators are partly required in outcross; P/O= 938, and the breeding system of Corydalis decumbens was mixed with self-pollination and outcrossing.