法国汉语学习者听力理解困难分析

Difficulties of Listening Comprehension by French-speaking Learners of Chinese

本文以在法国选修汉语的A2水平(欧洲语言共同参考框架)的成人学习者为研究对象,观察了他们在听力活动中的表现,并对影响他们听力理解质量的几个最重要因素作了一个总结和分析。本文尤其观察了学习者词汇、语音解码和推论计策运用这三个方面能力的发挥对其听力理解质量的影响。本文发现,在法国本土学习汉语的A2水平学习者的听力理解质量很大程度地受到他们语言能力的影响。听力活动中,推论计策虽然在个别时候能够十分有效地帮助学习者理解语义,但是大多数情况下,尤其是在语料中没有图像线索的时候,学习者的听力理解质量受其语言能力的限制。其中,词汇方面的影响最大,其次就是语音解码。

In this article, we have tried to observe how A2 level adult learners of Chinese carry out listen- ing comprehension activities. We have analyzed some influential factors that affect the quality of their un- derstanding： vocabulary, decoding skill and inference strategy. The results show that the performance of listeners at A2 level is influenced by their language skills, although applying inference strategy may help one to grasp the global meaning. However, the most cases, especially when visual cues are not available, the listeners＇ language skills play a crucial role. It seems that vocabulary is the key element that causes the most difficulties in listening comprehension, whereas decoding skills fall into second place.