近30年江苏省人体肠道线虫感染的三间分布研究

Study on time,spatial and population distribution of intestinal nematode infections in Jiangsu Province in recent 30 years

目的：分析近30年来江苏省人体肠道线虫感染的三间分布特点，为今后肠道线虫病的防治提供依据。方法检索1984-2012年有关江苏省各地肠道线虫感染的文献，整理、分析其中的感染数据。结果共收集文献26篇。近30年来，江苏省蛔虫、鞭虫、钩虫感染水平不断下降，但苏北感染率高于苏中和苏南地区。苏北、苏中各虫种感染率2000年前下降速度较快，2000年后下降速度减缓；苏南地区蛔虫感染率下降速度最快，鞭虫感染率略有波动但相对平稳。1984-1989年，各年龄组人群3种肠道线虫感染率均较高，鞭虫和蛔虫感染率分别在20%和30%以上，钩虫感染率以中、老年人群较高。1990-2000年，儿童和青少年蛔虫感染率较高，40～70岁人群钩虫感染较为严重，＞70岁者鞭虫和蛔虫感染率较低。2001-2012年，钩虫感染率仍以中、老年人群较高，儿童仍是蛔虫感染的高发人群。结论近30年来，江苏省人体肠道线虫感染水平逐年下降，但苏北地区感染水平仍高于苏中和苏南地区，苏北仍是肠道线虫病防治的重点地区。儿童蛔虫感染率和中、老年人群钩虫感染率均较高，提示应有针对性地对重点人群开展防治工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemical distribution of intestinal nematode infections in Jiangsu Province in recent 30 years,so as to provide the evidence for improving prevention and control of intestinal nematodiasis in the future. Methods The literature related to intestinal nematode infections in Jiangsu Province from 1984 to 2012 was searched and the infection data in them were sorted and analyzed. Results A total of 26 papers were obtained. In the recent 30 years,the infection rates of Trich-uris trichiura,Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm in Jiangsu Province decreased gradually,but the infection levels in northern Ji-angsu were higher than those in central and southern Jiangsu. In northern and central of Jiangsu Province,the descent speed of the intestinal nematode infection levels was faster before 2000,and then it slowed down after 2000. In southern Jiangsu,the descent speed of the infection level of A. lumbricoides was the fastest,but the infection level of T. trichiura with slight fluctuation kept rela-tively steady. From 1984 to 1989,the infection rates of the 3 intestinal nematodes above-mentioned in all age groups were high, and those of T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides were above 20%and 30%,respectively,and the infection rates of hookworm in mid-dle aged and elderly populations were relatively high. From 1990 to 2000,the infection rates of A. lumbricoides in children and teenager as well as that of hookworm in the people aged from 40 to 70 years were high,but those of T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides in the people above 70 years old were low. During the period of 2001 to 2012,the middle aged and elderly population and children were still the high-risk groups of hookworm and A. lumbricoides infections,respectively. Conclusions In the recent 30 years,the infection rates of intestinal nematodes in Jiangsu Province have decreased year by year,but the infection levels in northern Jiangsu are still higher than those in central and southern Jiangsu,which means that the northern Jiangsu is the key area of intestinal nema-todiasis control. Meanwhile,the A. lumbricoides infection rate of children and T. trichiura infection rate of the middle aged and el-derly population are high,which suggests that the control should put emphasis on the key population.