近地面大气垂直折光实验研究

Experimental Study of Vertical Atmospheric Refraction near the Ground

首先利用三角高程的原理推导出大气垂直折光系数的求解公式,并对其进行精度评定;然后在不同的环境条件下采集数据,计算大气垂直折光系数。分别在晴天不同高度、阴天水泥地面上和晴天汽车上方3种条件下进行近地面低视线大气垂直折光的实验研究;最后总结出近地面大气垂直折光的规律,为中间法三角高程测量提供指导性建议。

The principle of triangular height is applied to derive the formula to solve the atmospheric vertical refraction index, and accuracy assessment is made. Then the data are collected under different environmental conditions, and atmospheric vertical refraction index is calculated. Near-theground experimental study of a low sight to atmospheric vertical refraction is conducted mainly at different heights on sunny days, on the concrete floor on cloudy days and above the car on sunny days. Finally, the atmosphere near the ground perpendicular to the law of refraction is summarized, providing guiding advice to the median method of trigonometric leveling method.